2025-05-12T23:13:28Z

In a concerning development, the National Notifiable Disease Surveillance System has reported that Australia has documented 71 cases of measles in 2025 alone, a figure that has already surpassed the total reported cases for the entire year of 2024. This alarming statistic marks the highest number of infections recorded in the country since 2019, when there were a staggering 284 reported cases.

Health professionals are sounding the alarm and urging the public to take preventive measures to curb the spread of this highly infectious disease, which is characterized by an itchy rash and fever. Experts recommend that individuals ensure they have received two doses of the MMR (measles, mumps, and rubella) vaccine and consult healthcare professionals at the first sign of symptoms.

The current rise in measles cases is notable, particularly among specific demographics. Data indicates that 14 cases have been reported among individuals aged 25 to 29 years, while children aged 0 to 4 years have shown the second-highest infection rate. Distribution of reported cases reveals that Victoria has seen 26 infections, New South Wales 21, and Western Australia 18 cases this year.

Adding to the urgency of this situation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has confirmed that 14 outbreaks have occurred nationwide, with a striking 93 percent of confirmed cases being linked to these outbreaks. In April, medical professionals issued warnings to travelers to remain vigilant, particularly in light of a global uptick in measles cases, notably in the United States and other regions.

Dr. Ramya Raman, vice-president of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners and chair for Western Australia, explained that one contributing factor to the rise in cases could be the increased frequency of international travel. Furthermore, Dr. Raman highlighted that the vaccination rate is currently below the critical threshold of 95 percent needed for herd immunity, which allows for community-level protection against the virus. 'This leaves us vulnerable to outbreaks,' she noted, attributing the resurgence to overseas arrivals as well as potential local transmission.

Historically, the measles virus has not circulated widely in Australia for some time, mainly due to the success of vaccination efforts that have significantly reduced the incidence of the disease. The MMR vaccine, which was incorporated into the national childhood immunization schedule in the early 1990s, has played a vital role in preventing measles. However, Australians born before this time may have only received one dose and thus could be considered "partially vaccinated."

Dr. Raman stated, 'For anyone born after 1965 who hasn't received two doses of the MMR vaccine, you can obtain up to two free vaccinations through your General Practitioner (GP).' This is particularly important as studies indicate that even a single bout of measles provides lifelong immunity.

Measles is known for being highly contagious and primarily affects children, but there is a worrying trend of rising cases among older age groups. Symptoms typically begin with a high fever exceeding 38 degrees Celsius, alongside cough, runny nose, and conjunctivitis, which is characterized by redness and swelling of the eyes. After a brief period known as the prodrome phase, which lasts about two to four days, patients will begin to develop a rash. This rash usually starts on the face and spreads downwards, becoming blotchy over time.

Dr. Raman emphasized the importance of recognizing the symptoms and seeking medical attention promptly if measles is suspected. 'This virus is highly contagious, and it’s vital for individuals feeling unwell to consult healthcare professionals to prevent further spread,' she advised.

Given the current trajectory of measles cases, health officials are intensifying their calls for vaccinations and heightened public awareness, particularly as the virus poses a significant risk to vulnerable populations, including the elderly and those with compromised immune systems. The Australian Immunisation Handbook recommends vaccination for individuals born since 1966 who have not received the requisite doses, especially for healthcare workers, childcare educators, and caregivers. Meanwhile, pregnant women are advised to discuss their vaccination needs with their GP instead of getting vaccinated during pregnancy.